When conjoined twins are joined at the head they are referred to as caraniopagus. This series of illustrations was created to help describe the specifics of the the twins anatomy and how they were successfully separated. 

This illustration was incorporated into the press release as part of the artificial womb research at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. The illustration posted on a vast array of news organizations around the world. This image was pulled from home page of National Public Radio (NPR).

When a fetus is diagnosed with a myelomeningocele (MMC), or more commonly known as Spina Bifida there is now a procedure which can give some families a chance at improved outcomes and a potentially higher quality of life for the child.  This procedure occurs when the fetus is still developing in the the womb and requires the highest level of surgical technique. This series of illustrations created for a fetal surgical atlas, and is primarily drawn in graphite.

This axial cross section shows the defect prior to surgery, the creation of the myofacial flap, and the final sutured closure. 

When the coronary arteries of the heart become clogged, it then may be time for a bypass procedure. This graphite illustration shows the surgical view of the procedure including the grafted artery to the heart, and the cannulation, which carries blood to and from the oxigenator.

The VEPTR device is used to treat thoracic insufficiency syndrome (TIS). TIS prevents normal development and function of the lungs. The VEPTR device is used to separate and expand the ribs of the ribcage to create volume and in the process the device can additionally help straighten the spine in cases of extreme scoliosis.